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Policies

Content

AUIQ Technical Engineering Science (ATES) journal adheres to the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and supports the GPP3 authorship rules for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly work in technical engineering science.
When a manuscript is submitted to the journal, it is assumed that all authors have reviewed it, approved its contents, and that it complies with all editorial guidelines.

Advertisements

According to the journal editorial policy, third-party advertisements are not accepted by the journal.

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Affiliations

All pertinent affiliations that attest to the approval, support, and/or conduct of the research or scholarly work must be listed by the authors and her/his co-authors.
Affiliations ought to accurately represent the locations(labs/institutes, etc.) where the study was conducted, sponsored, and/or carried out. The affiliation for non-research papers should state the location of the author(s) at the time of submission. Falsifying one's affiliation is a kind of misconduct, and the journal will handle incidents of this kind by getting in touch with all pertinent institutions for the purpose of verification.

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Appeals and Complaints

The journal complies with by the rules set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) for complaints regarding editorial management of the peer review process in journals and appeals of decisions made by journal editors.
Sincere appeals of editor decisions are appreciated. However, in order to address the criticisms made by the editor and reviewers, authors need to present compelling evidence, new data or new information. This is significant since the vast majority of scholarly journal articles are reviews and original researches which depend on reliable scientific data.
An appeal is less likely to reverse an editor's decision for opinion-based scholarly papers. These can be opinions and points of view where the editors' assessment of readability and relevancy is given the greatest weight. Either way, every opinion piece needs to be supported by ample references and solid facts. In publications that are opinion-driven, authors should always give their supporting data and justifications for their conclusions.
Editors seldom change their decisions about the rejection of a research paper and don't anticipate receiving many appeals. It is therefore highly recommended that authors submit their paper to another journal if they receive a rejection letter from our journal. The editor's assessment of priority and importance plays a significant role in whether or not to reject a submission. Typically, authors are unable to address these issues with an appeal. Nonetheless, authors who think that the reason of rejection is invalid can check the journal rejection policy.

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Acknowledgments

It is appropriate to give credit(acknowledge) to those who helped in authoring a manuscript but are not mentioned as authors. It's important to recognize the organizations/institutions that contributed money or other resources to the manuscript.
Any contributors to the article is any way such as (general supervision, funding acquisition, study design, data collection, data analysis, technical assistance, writing assistance related to formatting, scholarly discussions that significantly influenced the development of the article, etc.) who do not achieve the requirements for authorship should be identified by name and affiliation in a section titled "Acknowledgments."
The authors of the manuscript are liable for notifying and securing approval from the people they want to mention in this section. Sharing the manuscript should be part of the permissions procedure so that the people whose names are being mentioned can confirm the context of their acknowledgement.
People who have made significant contributions to the article but whose work does not warrant authorship can be listed under terms like "participating investigators." Each group's role or contribution should be explained, such as "served as scientific advisors," or "critically reviewed the study proposal." These individuals must grant written approval in order to be acknowledged, as readers may interpret it as their endorsement of the information and conclusions.
The authors may take help from AI tools or any similar tool in creating and scripting their contents. When doing so, they must properly mention and credit these tools in the article itself. Authors bear the responsibility of guaranteeing the authenticity, uniqueness, and consistency of the content they provide. It is anticipated that authors will utilize these kinds of resources sensibly, adhering to journal editorial guidelines about authorship and publishing ethics.

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Authorship

An article's author list is a crucial for acknowledging people who have made substantial contributions to the work. Additionally, authors list guarantees visibility for those in charge of maintaining the content's integrity.
Listed authors of an article must fulfill each of the following requirements:

  • It is highly recommended that authors verify that the author group, corresponding author, and author order are proper at the time of submission. After a paper is accepted, changes to the order of authors, additions or deletions of authors, and/or modifications to the Corresponding Authors are not accepted.
  • Although it is usually not allowed, there are situations when it might be justified to add or remove authors during the revision process. It is necessary to provide an explanation for these changes in authorship. Modification decision during revision is left to the Editor-in-Chief estimation.
  • The following information must be sent by the corresponding author to the Editor-in-Chief in order to propose such a change:
    1. the purpose of the author list modification
    2. signed acknowledgment (letter or email) from each author indicating their agreement to the insertion, deletion, or reorganization.

    When an author is added or removed, this also requires the added or removed author's confirmation.
  • When conducting research or writing a paper, an author's affiliation may change. In such cases, the author's current affiliation should be stated and, if applicable, the former affiliation should be acknowledged in the Acknowledgments section during the copy-editing stage.

Requirements for authorship

Only significant contributions to each of the following elements listed below should be the basis for authorship credit:

Term Definition
Conceptualization Concept generation Concepts; creation or development of broad research objectives
Methodology Methodology development or design; model creation
Software Developing new software, designing new algorithms, designing new software, scripting new codes for generating new programs, testing existing codes.
Validation Verification of the overall replication/reproducibility of findings/experiments and other research outputs, whether as a component of the activity or separately.
Analysis Utilizing formal methods such as statistics, mathematics, computing, or other approaches to evaluate or combine research data.
Assessment Carrying out tests as part of a study and investigation process, or gathering data and supporting documentation.
Tools(Materials) Supplying instruments, computers, supplies, and other equipment for analysis.
Data Processing Management tasks to maintain, scrub, and annotate research data (including software code, if required for data interpretation) for both initial usage and future reuse.
Scripting – Initial copy Composing the first draft of the published work, as well as its development and/or presentation (including substantive translation).
Writing - Review & Editing Preparation, development, and/or presentation of the published work by members of the original research group; in particular, pre- or post-publication stages of critical evaluation, remark, or revision.
Display The process of preparing, producing, and/or presenting the published work—more especially, the visualization and data presentation.
Supervision Management and supervision of the research plan and execution of the research activities, including external mentorship for the main team.
Project Management Leadership, cooperation, and planning of research activity.
Financial Support Obtaining funding for the project that resulted in this publication.

Authorship is not justified by involvement in the acquisition of money or data collecting alone. Being an author requires more than just the research group's general oversight. Each contributor ought to have contributed enough to the project to be able to accept accountability in public for the relevant sections of the manuscript's content. The contributors' respective contributions to the study and article authoring should determine the order in which their names are listed. The contributors' approval is required to alter the order of submission once the manuscript has been submitted. Depending on the nature of the work, its scope, and the number of participating universities, the journal specifies a maximum number of authors for papers (Vide Infar). If the number of authors (writers) surpasses these thresholds, the authors must provide a reasoning.

Specifications for contributions

All people who are contributors to the work ought to list the specific contributions they each made to the manuscript. Concept, design, definition of intellectual content, literature search, clinical studies, experimental studies, data acquisition, data analysis, statistical analysis, manuscript preparation, manuscript editing, and manuscript review are the categories into which the description should be divided, as appropriate. The article will be printed along with the participation (contribution) of each of the contributors. 'Guarantors' are specified as those writers who, from the beginning to the end, bear liability for the work's integrity.

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Citations

Both research and non-research papers must cite timely, pertinent, and verified literature—where applicable, peer-reviewed—to back up any assertions they make.
Author groups should not prearrange to improperly cite each other's work or engage in excessive and inappropriate self-citation. This action might be regarded as citation manipulation. Go over the COPE citation manipulation guidelines.
In case of a non-research article (e.g. a Review or Opinion), all the cited references must be guaranteed to be related works. Criticism and discussion about the most recent related works or scholarly work on the topic should be enough and fair. It is not appropriate for the references to unduly promote a specific publication, organization, or research group. If the author is not certain about the citation of a reference, he/she should communicate with the journal editorial office asking about the issue.

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Conflicts of Interest/Competing Interests

Any competing interests that are relevant to, or may be seen as relevant to, the paper must be disclosed by the author and all the other co-authors.

  • When the author (or the author's employer, sponsor, family, or friends) have a financial, business, legal, or professional relationship with other organizations, or with the individuals who work for them, it may be a conflicting interest that could affect the research or the interpretation of the findings.
  • There are two types of competing interests: financial and non-financial. The author must also disclose any affiliations that can be interpreted by others as having a conflicting interest in order to maintain transparency.

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Corrections, Expressions of Concern, Retractions

There may be occasions when an article needs to be changed after it has been published. The Editor will carefully review this to make sure that any necessary adjustments are made in compliance with the Committee on Publication Ethics' (COPE) guidelines.
The original article is the basic manuscript where any necessary modifications after publication is permanently connected to the original article. This may take the shape of a withdrawal, an expression of concern, a correction notice, or, in extreme cases, a removal. Ensuring the integrity of the scholarly record is the aim of this permanent and transparent change process.

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Written authorization for the publication of any details related to a specific individual (or, in the case of minors under 18, their parent or legal guardian) must be sought for all manuscripts that include such details. Permission to publish their information under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) is required in order for it to be publicly accessible online. In case the person has passed away, the next of kin must give permission for publication. A statement stating that written informed approval was acquired for publication must be included in the manuscript.
If necessary, authors can use approval form from their own institution or region in addition to the approval form provided here to get permission for publishing. The approval form needs to mention that the information and photos will be publicly accessible on internet and could be viewed by anybody. The approval form will be kept private and must be provided to the editor upon request.

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Confidentiality

Manuscripts that are submitted are considered confidential. Academic journals only reveal submitted articles to those involved in processing and preparing the work for publication (should it be accepted). Editors, corresponding authors, prospective reviewers, real reviewers, and editorial staff are some of these people. On the other hand, in circumstances where misconduct is suspected, a manuscript might be disclosed to members of the ethical committees of academic journals as well as to institutions or organizations who would need it to address the wrongdoing. Academic journals must, when applicable, adhere to the relevant COPE flowcharts.

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Who is authorized to submit a paper?

It is allowed for any individual to submit an original manuscript for possible publication in AUIQ Technical Engineering Science journal. In this case, he/she must have copyright to the submission or otherwise he/she must have permission from the owner or owners to submit the work. Prior to publication, authors are the original proprietors of the copyrights to their works; but, in non-academic cases, there may be an exemption if the authors have consented to give their employer ownership as a condition of employment.

User Rights

Since AUIQ Technical Engineering Science journal is an open-access journal, all users have the right to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles under the following conditions: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Copyright agreement is stated here and included in each published paper.

The policy of open access

Since the journal is open-access, anyone can view published articles right away. Published articles may be downloaded, read, printed, searched, copied, and distributed without permission as long as the original author and source are properly credited and the articles are not changed or altered. This license is granted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

Author Rights

A non-exclusive license is used in this journal. The authors agree to grant AUIQ Technical Engineering Science Journal copyright in addition to publishing and distribution rights.

Copyright Transfer Agreement

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Data Manipulation or Fabrication

Purposeful steps have been taken to falsify or improperly manipulate data. This is regarded as a significant wrongdoing that aims to deceive others and compromise the credibility of the academic record, with far-reaching and permanent repercussions.
Authors are required to make sure all information in their paper is accurate and accurately portrays their work before submitting it to the journal. Authors should keep all raw data included in their manuscripts to aid the journal in reviewing their submissions.
Retraction or denial of acceptance of a manuscript or published paper may occur if the original data is not available upon request.

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Desk Rejection Policy

  1. The topic or idea of the paper is out of the scope of the Journal.
  2. The manuscript contains publication ethics concerns, non-compliance to international standard guidelines, and plagiarism percentage is higher than 20%.
  3. Neither the topic's influence nor its contribution to new understanding in the discipline are strong enough.
  4. The study's design is flawed.
  5. The authors didn't clearly explain the objective of their study.
  6. There are issues with the organization's study or key components are absent.
  7. The manuscript is full of writing mistakes and contains problems in the style of grammar.
  8. Submission guidelines of the journal have been stuck to by the manuscript.

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Duplicate Submission/publication

Since authors must state that their work is not being considered by another journal at the time of submission, it is usually assumed that any duplicate submission or publication was made on purpose. This covers works that have already been published in another language. Authors must obtain permission from the original article's publisher and copyright holder for acceptable forms of secondary submissions or publications (such as an English translation of the article) and notify the receiving journal's editor of the original article's history. Additionally, readers must be informed that this is a translated version of the article and be given a link to the original one.

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Financial Statement

In their paper, authors are required by the journal to disclose all funding sources, including financial support. The sponsors' involvement, if any, in any phase of the investigation—from study design to manuscript submission for publication—should be detailed by the authors. If the sponsor(s) had no such participation, that should also be stated. The author must make sure that the data is correct and meets the requirements of the funder.

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Images and Figures

Figures and pictures should only be included in the article if they are significant and pertinent to the work that is being discussed.
Images, videos, or audio recordings that might identify study cases or results may only be used with their permission if they are taken from another source. If a source owner has passed away, their next of kin may do so; if they are too young or deemed vulnerable, their parents or guardians may do so.
Manuscript authors need to be cognizant of any cultural sensitivities or limitations connected to any images they incorporate into their works. Images of human remains or deceased people, for instance, are prohibited in some cultures. Appropriate ethical rules should be followed, taking into account the opinions and approval procedures of the relevant groups.
Microscopically produced experimental photographic images ought to faithfully capture the source image. In order to avoid misleading readers about what the photographs depict, any instances where images have been altered or improved must be clearly indicated in the figure legend and throughout the narrative. On request, authors should be ready to provide the journal editorial office with the original, unedited, unannotated, and uncropped photographs.
The authors must be informed that changes to the image are only permitted if they are small and applied to the entire piece. The authors must provide information on how photos are gathered and how any image modifications are made, together with the name of the program and its version number. Modifications that could change the image's scientific interpretation are prohibited.
The authors must seek the necessary authorization from the copyright owner before reusing any images or figures that they have taken from another published source. The figure legend has to include a remark confirming this. Even in situations where the picture or figure is not protected by copyright or when reusing the image is permitted by a license that allows for unlimited reusing, the original source of the image must be credited.

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Misconduct

The journal will take all appropriate action to preserve the integrity of the scholarly record and takes all misbehavior seriously, in compliance with COPE guidelines.

Some of misbehavior examples are as follows:

  • Misrepresentation of authors affiliations
  • Copyright violations and using third-party content without authorization
  • Manipulating the citation of one source or more.
  • Submission/Publication duplication
  • Not complying with the ethical rules
  • Manipulating data or images without permission.
  • Peer review manipulation
  • High percentage of Plagiarism
  • Reusing self-text and thus getting self-plagiarism
  • The authors have conflict of interests
  • The conducted research doesn't follow the ethical rules or "unethical research"

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Submission duplication

If it is discovered that a manuscript has been published or is undergoing review elsewhere, duplicate submission/publication sanctions will apply. Authors must cite prior work and explain how their submitted manuscript adds something new beyond what was included in the previously published work if their previously published or under review work served as the basis for the work that was used to create the submitted manuscript.

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Citation Manipulation

Citation manipulation sanctions will apply to submitted publications that contain citations whose main goal is to boost the number of citations to the work of a certain author or to articles published in a specific journal.

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Data Fabrication and Falsification

Data fabrication and falsification sanctions will be applied to submitted articles that are discovered to have either manufactured or falsified experimental results, including the modification of pictures.

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Improper Author Contribution or Attribution

Each of the listed authors must have given their approval to all of the manuscript's claims and made a substantial scientific contribution to the research. Enumerating all those who have contributed significantly to science, including lab personnel and students, is crucial.

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Unnecessary Publications

Publications that are redundant occur when research findings are improperly divided across multiple papers.

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Image manipulation

A transgression of this editorial policy, journal policies, publication ethics, or any other relevant guidelines/policies as stipulated by COPE, WAME, ICMJE, and STM is considered misbehavior. Potential misbehavior includes any further actions that risk or undermine the integrity of the publishing or research process. In accordance with COPE principles, suspected cases of misconduct will be examined.

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Publication Ethics

The Committee on Publication Ethics's (COPE) rules and guidelines are strictly followed by the journal and its editorial board.

Editors' Responsibilities

Publication decisions

The journal's editorial board is in charge of selecting which of the submissions for publication should be published. Board members are limited by laws pertaining to plagiarism, copyright infringement, and libel, therefore they consult and take reviewer recommendations into consideration while reaching their judgment. The manuscript's origins, as well as the writers' nationality, ethnicity, political views, race, or religion, have no bearing on the editorial judgments made.

Confidentiality, disclosure, and conflicts of interest

Editors are not allowed to share information about a submitted manuscript with anybody outside of the corresponding author, other editorial advisers, and reviewers or potential reviewers during the review process. Without the author's express written authorization, unpublished materials provided in a submitted manuscript may not be used in the research of an editor, reviewer, or other reader. The research or other scholarly work's funding should be disclosed to readers, along with any involvement they may have had in the research's development and publishing, if any.

Author relations

Editors work hard to make sure that the journal's peer review process is prompt, impartial, and fair. To guarantee an objective evaluation, the journal has set guidelines for managing submissions from its editorial board members. Author guidelines offer direction regarding the requirements for authoring.

Reviewer relations

The Journal invites reviewers to address ethical concerns and potential misconduct brought up by submissions (such as improper data manipulation and unethical research design), and to keep an eye out for plagiarism and duplicate publication. Reviewers' comments, unless they contain abusive or defamatory statements, should be delivered to authors in their entirety. Reviewers' contributions to the journal are often acknowledged, and reviewers who consistently submit rude, subpar, or delayed assessments are removed from the review process.

Quality assurance

Editors should realize that various sections have varied goals and standards, and they should take all possible measures to assure the quality of the information they publish. When one exists, editors should make sure the study they publish has been approved by the relevant body (such as an institutional review board or research ethics committee). Editors ought to remain vigilant on matters of intellectual property and collaborate with their publishers to address any possible infringements of laws and customs. Mistakes, untrue, or deceptive claims have to be quickly and prominently addressed.

Reviewers' responsibilities

Helping to editorial decisions

Reviewers aid the editorial board in their decision-making. In order for authors to benefit from reviews and observations to improve their work, they should be carried out impartially and explicitly, backed up by evidence. It is improper to criticize the author personally.

Qualification of reviewers

If a referee is chosen and feels unfit to examine the research presented in a manuscript or knows that reviewing it quickly won't be feasible, they should inform the editor and withdraw from the review process. Manuscripts containing conflicts of interest arising from competitive, cooperative, or other relationships or affiliations with any of the authors, companies, or institutions associated with the papers should not be considered for consideration by reviewers.

Confidentiality

Manuscripts submitted for review ought to be handled as private correspondence. Ideas or privileged information that have undergone peer review must be kept private and not exploited for one's own gain.

Acknowledgment of sources

Reviewers ought to locate pertinent published literature that the authors have not cited. Citations to other people's ideas must be included when referenced. Any significant resemblance or overlap between the manuscript being considered and any other published material about which the reviewer has first-hand knowledge should be brought to the editor's attention

Authors' responsibilities

Reporting standards

Report writers of original research should give a factual description of the work done and a dispassionate analysis of its importance. The paper should accurately present the underlying data. When submitting a manuscript, authors should be ready to make raw data available to the public and keep it for a minimum of two years beyond publication. It is unethical and unprofessional to make false or intentionally erroneous statements.

Originality, plagiarism, and concurrent publication

It is the responsibility of authors to make sure that all of their work is completely unique and that any borrowed words or works are properly cited. Any sort of plagiarism is undesirable and should be avoided as unethical publication conduct. It is unacceptable to submit nearly the identical work to multiple journals at the same time as this is considered unethical publishing practice.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

Any financial or other significant conflicts of interest that could be interpreted to affect the paper's interpretation or outcomes should be declared by each author in their submission. Disclosure of all funding sources for the project is required.

Paper Authorship

The corresponding author is responsible for making sure that all relevant co-authors are listed in the manuscript, that no unsuitable co-authors are included, and that all co-authors have reviewed and approved the final draft of the paper before it is submitted for publication. As co-authors, everyone who has contributed significantly ought to be mentioned. It is appropriate to recognize or name other individuals as contributors if they have contributed to any significant parts of the research endeavor.

Basic errors in published works

It is the responsibility of the author to promptly inform the journal editor of any substantial errors or inaccuracies found in the published work, and to collaborate with the editor to retract or fix the manuscript.

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Peer Review Process

Every manuscript is put through a peer review process and must adhere to the highest levels of academic quality. Once the editor has given the go-ahead, manuscripts will be evaluated by peer reviewers, who will keep their identities secret from both the authors and the reviewers (double-blind peer review). The editorial board is in charge of deciding whether to accept or reject an article, and it does so by considering the suggestions made by the reviewers (a peer-reviewed procedure). Sometimes, the journal Research Integrity team will look for outside counsel for submissions that have significant ethical, security, biosecurity, or societal ramifications. Before determining the best course of action, we may confer with specialists and the academic editor. This may involve selecting reviewers with specialized knowledge, having additional editors evaluate the submission, or opting not to proceed with further consideration.

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Plagiarism

The term plagiarism covers information extracted without proper attribution from any materials, whether they are in print or electronic media. Abstracts, talks at seminars, lab reports, theses and dissertations, research proposals, computer programs, internet articles, grey literature, and manuscripts that have been published or remain unpublished can all fall under this category.
Any time such material is used, whether directly or indirectly, it must always be appropriately acknowledged and the content's source must always be cited.
All submitted manuscripts are subjected to a plagiarism check by the journal, which will handle instances of plagiarism in accordance with COPE guidelines. If a manuscript is discovered to include copied content, it will not be accepted for publication.

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Policy of Preprints

Preprints are available for authors at anytime and anyplace. Authors are encouraged to use the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) of the preprint to connect to their official publication if it is accepted for publication. Once a publication is approved, authors can update their preprints on arXiv, RePEc, etc.

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Protection of Patients' (participant's) Rights to Privacy

If the patient(participant) (or parent or guardian, if appropriate) gives informed approval for publication, then identifying information should not be released in written descriptions, pictures, sonograms, CT scans, etc., or pedigrees unless the information is necessary for scientific purposes. Unless informed consent is acquired, authors should not include the names of patients in figures. The publication follows ICMJE guidelines:

  1. The patient(participant) approval form must be obtained by the authors prior to publication and properly archived; neither the journals nor the publisher are responsible for this. The approval forms should not be emailed to the editorial or publisher offices, nor should they be posted with the cover letter.
  2. A disclaimer regarding getting informed patient(participant) approval should be included in the paper if it includes patient photographs that prevent anonymity or a description that makes the patient's identify clear.

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Research ethics and consent

Researches on People, Animal, and Plants

A formal declaration under the Ethics Approval section of all original research articles involving people, animals, plants, biological material, protected or non-public datasets, collections, or places must contain the following information:

  • The identity of the relevant institutional review board(s) or ethical committee(s).
  • The Identity number of the ethics approval(s).
  • A declaration stating that before to participating in the study, human subjects gave their informed approval.
  • Ethical guidelines pertaining to animal care must be followed in animal research.

Every original study article that uses animals needs to:

  • Adhere to institutional, national, and worldwide standards for the humane treatment of animals.
  • Obtain approval from the institution's or practice's ethics review committee and include information about the approval procedure, the names of the relevant institutional review boards or ethics committees, and the ID or number of the ethics approval(s) in the Ethics Approval section.
  • Justify the use of animals and the species that were chosen.
  • Provide information about housing, feeding, and environmental enrichment, and steps taken to minimize suffering.
  • Give the euthanasia and anesthetic methods.
  • Research that does not meet the above-listed requirements regarding ethical approval and animal welfare will be rejected.
    • Research involving humans

    The author must confirm that the carried out study has been conducted in compliance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association the Declaration of Helsinki, the World Medical Association's code of ethics for human experimentation Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals, if the work involves the use of human subjects. The article must adhere to the guidelines outlined in the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals. Specifically, it should strive to incorporate representative demographics such as age, sex, and ethnicity. Gender and sex terminology ought to be utilized appropriately.
    To guarantee that they adhere to national and international standards, all protocols had to have been approved by the authors' institutional ethics committee or another appropriate ethical committee (Institutional Review Board, IRB). When submitting an article, specifics about this approval, such as the name of the review board, the institution, and the permit number(s), must be included. Ethics approval is required before any research is undertaken; it is typically not possible to acquire approval retroactively, and publication of the findings may not be feasible.
    The manuscript should state that informed approval was obtained before using human subjects for experimentation. Human subjects' right to privacy must always be respected.

    Research involving animals

    The Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act, 1986 (UK) and its guidelines, EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments, or the National Research Council's Guide Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals should all be followed in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines. The authors of the manuscript should explicitly state that these guidelines have been followed. Animal sex information must be disclosed, as well as, if relevant, how sex may have affected or been associated with the study's findings.
    The ethical guidelines established by the authors' institution and any applicable national or international rules must be followed while conducting experiments on vertebrates or controlled invertebrates. A statement of ethics, any permissions obtained, and any animal licensing should be provided, if appropriate. Under all circumstances, a statement confirming that every attempt was taken to lessen any suffering experienced by animals should be made, together with specifics about how this was accomplished.

    Informed consent

    Patients who are required to participate in research have a right to privacy that should not be infringed upon without their informed consent. Unless the material is necessary for scientific research and the patient (or parent or guardian) provides written informed consent for publication, identifying information—such as names, initials, or hospital numbers—should not be published in written descriptions, photos, or pedigrees. An identified patient must be shown the article before it is published in order to get informed consent for this purpose. If any potentially identifiable material appears online or in print after publication, authors have an obligation to notify these patients. According to local laws and regulations, documented consent from the patient should be kept on file with the journal, the authors, or both. Identifying details that are not necessary should be left out. If there is any doubt as to whether anonymity can be preserved, informed consent should be obtained. For instance, hiding the area around the eyes in patient photos does not provide sufficient anonymity protection. If identifiable traits are changed to preserve anonymity, as in the case of genetic pedigrees, authors and editors should guarantee that the changes do not change the meaning of science in any way. When informed consent has been acquired, the published piece ought to state such.

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    Reporting Standards

    Because research communication should facilitate verification and reproducibility, the authors are encouraged to include thorough explanations of their protocol, technique, analysis, and research reasoning in their publications.

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    Third-party material usage

    The use of trade names, trademarks, general descriptive names, and other names in this book does not release its users from the application of applicable laws and regulations, even if such names aren't stated explicitly. The submitting author is responsible for obtaining any permissions needed for the usage of any copyrighted materials included in the text. All writers, editors, and publishers of this journal disclaim all liability for any errors or omissions, even though the advice and information were believed to be true and accurate at the time of publication. Regarding the information on this page, the publisher makes no representations or warranties of any kind, expressed or implied.

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    Utilizing AI tools and AI technologies in writing

    It should be noted that the policy solely addresses the writing process; it makes no mention of the usage of AI technologies for data analysis and insight-gathering during the research phase.
    When authors use AI and AI-assisted technologies in their writing, they should do so to improve language and readability, not to replace important authoring tasks like coming up with new scientific, educational, or medical insights, coming to scientific conclusions, or making clinical recommendations. This technology should always be used under human supervision and control, and all work should go through a rigorous review and editing process. Content generated by AI may sound authoritative, but it might also be prejudiced, inaccurate, or lacking in certain areas. In the end, writers are ultimately in charge of and accountable for the work they create.
    The usage of AI and AI-assisted technologies by authors must be declared explicitly in their manuscripts; the published work will have a disclaimer to this effect. Transparency of this kind guarantees adherence to the conditions of use for the pertinent tools or technologies and promotes trust among authors, readers, reviewers, editors, and contributors.
    It is not appropriate for authors to list AI as a co-author or to give AI authorship. Being an author means carrying out functions, duties and assignments that are unique to humans. It is the responsibility of each author to respond to questions about the integrity or accuracy of any portion of the work as well as to approve the final draft and give permission for submission. Additionally, it is the authors' responsibility to guarantee that the work is novel, that the listed authors fulfill the requirements for authorship, and that the work does not violate any third parties' rights.

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