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Abstract

In modern cities with small plots and narrow frontages, courtyard-based housing has come back as a flexible way to use space. This study seeks to quantitatively examine the impact of residential plot area and frontage width on the diversity and functional distribution of courtyards in modern urban housing. A quantitative morphological approach was used by looking at the shapes of 121 modern residential plans that included internal courtyards. Using AutoCAD, we got spatial data, and then we used Microsoft Excel to look at the relationships between plot morphology, courtyard number, area, and functional role. The results show that the courtyard in modern homes has changed from a single feature to a multi-functional space system that is mostly shaped by the limits of the plot. Smaller plots tend to have more environmental courtyards to let in light and air, while larger plots, especially those with narrow frontages, tend to have more courtyards and focus more on social and private courtyards. The study gives quantitative proof based on morphology that using multiple courtyards strategically is an effective design response for improving spatial efficiency and sustainability-oriented performance in dense urban housing.

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